Crash and Safety Resources and Research

web Bicycle & Pedestrian Program, Federal Highway Administration (FHWA)
The Bicycle & Pedestrian Program of the Federal Highway Administration's Office of Human and Natural Environment, promotes bicycle and pedestrian transportation accessibility, use, and safety. ...more >
document Advantages of Bike Lanes, Tucson-Pima County Bicycle Advisory Committee
This document contains a list of bike lane benefits to bicycles, drivers, and pedestrians. ...more >
document Making Walking and Cycling Safer, Transportation Quarterly, Vol. 54, No. 3
This document outlines programs in Germany and the Netherlands that have improved mobility through non-motorized modes of transportation. ...more >
document Bicycles and Motorcycles, Transportation Research Board (TRB)
This document explores bicycle level of service, bicycling demand, bicyclist intersection safety index, bicycle safety, motorcycle training effectiveness, motorcycle ownership and usage, and mobility patterns of motorcycle and moped riders. ...more >
document Analysis of Bicycle-Related and Pedestrian-Related Roadway Crashes, Colorado Department of Transportation
The Colorado Department of Transportation has released a report that explores potential trends, based on patterns in crash types and causes, associated with crashes involving bicyclists and pedestrians. ...more >
document Bicycle-Related Injuries to Children and Parental Attitudes Regarding Bicycle Safety, Clinical Pediatrics
This study was designed to evaluate bicycle-related injuries among children requiring emergency treatment, assess the use of safety measures before and after injuries, and determine parental attitudes regarding bicycle safety. ...more >
document Strategies for Reducing Pedestrian and Bicyclist Injury at the Corridor Level, California Department of Transportation
This study was conducted to develop methods for identifying sites where there is potential for significant reductions in pedestrian and bicyclist injury. ...more >
document Incidence Rates of Pedestrian and Bicyclist Crashes by Hybrid Electric Passenger Vehicles: An Update, National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA)
This report seeks to understand the relationship of pedestrian- and bicyclist-motor vehicle crashes by vehicle type, specifically hybrid electric vehicles. ...more >
document Safer Vulnerable Road Users: Pedestrians, Bicyclists, Motorcyclists, and Older Users, US Department of Transportation
This is one paper in a series intended to develop a National Strategy on Highway Safety. ...more >
document Contents and Assessment of Traffic Education Programmes, Institute for Road Safety Research (SWOV)
In addition to outlining the importance of education programs, this document presents a framework for evaluating the effectiveness of existing programs. ...more >
document Sense and Nonsense About Shared Space,
This paper examines the traffic safety improvements and potential conflicts associated with shared space implementation in Germany and the Netherlands. ...more >
document Police Enforcement and Driving Speed, Institute for Road Safety Research (SWOV)
The paper evaluates current techniques used by police to enforce speed limits, and recommends new strategies. ...more >
document Crossing Facilities for Cyclists and Pedestrians, Institute for Road Safety Research (SWOV)
This document presents data on roadway crossing safety, and recommends strategies that can be incorporated to better-understand and improve crossing facilities. ...more >
document Vulnerable Road Users, Institute for Road Safety Research (SWOV)
This paper defines a "vulnerable" road user, and presents methods for determining who is vulnerable, as well as measures for protecting these individuals. ...more >
document Cyclists, Institute for Road Safety Research (SWOV)
This paper introduces cyclists as a vulnerable road user, and outlines specific vulnerabilities and ways to accommodate their needs. ...more >
document Bicycle Helmets, Institute for Road Safety Research (SWOV)
The report outlines the importance of bicycle helmets, from good fit to frequent use, and gives statistics related to their use. ...more >
document Bicycle Facilities on Road Segments and Intersections of Distributor Roads, Institute for Road Safety Research (SWOV)
The issue of separating bicycle facilities from motorized traffic is discussed, with both pros and cons considered. ...more >
document Bicycling and Walking in the United States: 2012 Benchmarking Report, Alliance for Biking and Walking
The benchmarking report analyzes bicycling and walking mode share, safety, and funding data across the US. ...more >
document Integration of Bicycling and Walking Facilities into the Infrastructure of Urban Communities, Mineta Transportaton Institute
This project highlights best practices and identifies program characteristics associated with high levels of nonmotorized travel, with an emphasis on bicyclists and pedestrians. ...more >
document Review of Studies on Pedestrian and Bicyclist Safety, 1991-2007, National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA)
This report reviews the pedestrian and bicyclist safety research literature in print as of 2007. It summarizes and synthesizes the key studies, evaluates existing knowledge and identifies research gaps and provides recommendations for future direction. ...more >
document Sharing the Road: Optimizing Pedestrian and Bicycle Safety and Vehicle Mobility, Michigan Department of Transportation (MDOT)
This research initiative combines the results of five reports to provide recommendations for improving the multimodal aspects of the Michigan Department of Transportation (MDOT) transportation network. ...more >
document Cycling on Higher Speed Roads, Austroads
This report investigates the provision of facilities for bicycles on high speed roads. ...more >
document Minimum Design Parameters for Cycle Connectivity, New Zealand Transportation Agency
This report explores the relationship between lane/shoulder width and the likelihood of cyclists traversing the edge line into the motorized vehicle stream. ...more >
document The National Bicycling and Walking Study: 15-Year Status Report, Pedestrian and Bicycle Information Center (PBIC), Federal Highway Administration (FHWA)
This update to the National Bicycling and Walking Study reports progress toward two national goals of increasing mode share while reducing fatalities and injuries. ...more >
document Bicycle Safety Message to Parents, Teachers, and Motorists, National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA) and Consumer Products Safety Commission
To make bicycles safer, the U.S. Consumer Products Safety Commission developed a mandatory safety standard for bicycles to help eliminate injuries due to mechanical and structural failures. ...more >
document Difficulties of Older Cyclists and Their Compensation,
Thirty cyclists were interviewed and were asked for their cycling habits and how they deal with different situations in traffic. ...more >
document The National Bicycling and Walking Study, Federal Highway Administration (FHWA)
This report draws upon all of the work completed until 1994 in outlining a plan of action to promote bicycling and walking as viable transportation options for more Americans. ...more >
document Streetwise Cycling, North Carolina Department of Transportation
This short handbook is designed to any cyclist's needs, addressing issues such as skills, emergencies, and equipment. ...more >
multimedia Bicycle/Pedestrian Planning Strategies, Center for Transportation and the Environment
The Safe, Accountable, Flexible, Efficient Transportation Equity Act: A Legacy for Users (SAFETEA- LU), passed by Congress in 2005, provides new provisions and expands previous legislation that support bicycle and pedestrian programming, ...more >
document The Truth about Lane Widths, Pedestrian and Bicycle Information Center (PBIC)
What if we could narrow the lanes on a roadway without adversely impacting the operations of the roadway? This case study addresses current research on lane widths. ...more >
web Traffic Safety Fact Sheets, National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA)
This site contains links to annual NHTSA traffic safety fact sheets from 1993 to the current year for pedestrians, cyclists (pedalcyclists), school transportation, and others. ...more >
web What Do Traffic Crashes Cost?, National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA)
This report updates the national estimates of employer costs of crashes presented in Traffic Safety and Health Care: State and National Estimates of Employer Costs and adds estimates of employer costs by industry. ...more >
document Cycling Safety on Bikeways versus Roads, Transportation Quarterly
This article compares the relative safety of cycling on traffic-separated bike lanes and bike paths compared to cycling on roadways in mixed traffic. ...more >
document National Bicycling and Walking Study - Ten Year Report, Pedestrian and Bicycle Information Center (PBIC), The United States Department of Transportation (USDOT)
The US Department of Transportation released this 10-year Status Report to track its progress and activities towards implementing the National Walking and Bicycling Study. ...more >
multimedia GIS Tools for Improving Pedestrian and Bike Safety, Federal Highway Administration
This TechBrief discusses the use of GIS software to improve pedestrian and bicycle safety. ...more >
document GIS-Based Crash Referencing and Analysis System, Federal Highway Administration
This paper summarizes efforts to develop a crash referencing and analysis system within GIS. ...more >
document Highway Safety Needs of U.S. Hispanic Communities: Issues and Strategies, National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA)
This report discusses the highway safety needs of Hispanic communities. ...more >
graphic Spanish-language Bicycle Safety Poster, Federal Highway Administration
This poster promotes bicycle safety in Spanish. ...more >
document Bilingual Bicycle Safety Brochure, Federal Highway Administration (FHWA)
This brochure urges bicyclists to keep right, wear a helmet, use reflectors, and to obey traffic laws, in both English and Spanish. ...more >
web National Safety Council, National Safety Council
This site contains upcoming events, headline news, safety fact sheets, a safety product buyer's guide, an online library, and online training courses, in addition to information about services offered including consulting, ...more >
document Pedestrian and Bicycle Crash Types of the Early 1990s, Federal Highway Administration (FHWA)
This research applied basic NHTSA pedestrian and bicyclist typologies to a sample of crashes to refine and update the crash type distributions. ...more >
document Bicycle and Pedestrian Data: Sources, Needs, & Gaps, USDOT and Bureau of Transportation Statistics
This review of existing data and data needs was based on outreach to user groups that included planners, advocates, and researchers at federal, state, and local government agencies, universities, and nonprofit organizations. ...more >
web Transportation Research Board, Transportation Research Board
The mission of the Transportation Research Board is to promote innovation and progress in transportation through research. The site provides a wealth of documents online as well as books and journals for sale. ...more >
web Office of Behavioral Safety Research Electronic Library of Publications, National Highway Traffic Safety Administration
NHTSA's Office of Behavioral Safety Research, in conjunction with the DOT Library, has established an electronic library of the Office's research publications. ...more >
document Bicycle Compatibility Index, Federal Highway Administration (FHWA)
This research report presents a bicycle compatibility index (BCI) methodology that can be used by practitioners to evaluate the capability of specific roadways to accommodate both motorists and bicyclists. ...more >
document Characteristics of Emerging Road Users and Their Safety, Federal Highway Administration
This study identifies the operational characteristics of an increasingly diverse group of trail and other nonmotorized transportation users. ...more >
web Dutch Institute for Road Safety Research (SWOV), Institute for Road Safety Research (SWOV)
SWOV is an independent, scientific institute. SWOV's knowledge is public information and is made available to anyone who wants it, and is professionally involved in traffic and road safety in the Netherlands. ...more >
document Traffic Safety Facts: Pedalcyclists, National Center for Statistics and Analysis, National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA)
This document gives a summary of the characteristics of pedalcyclist (bicyclist) crashes in 2003. ...more >
document Crash Type Manual for Bicyclists, University of North Carolina Highway Safety Research Center
More than thirty images illustrate various bicycle-motorist crash types. The documents include information on the cause, typical bicyclist age, frequency, and severity for the crash type. ...more >
document Bicycle Crash Data, Insurance Institute for Highway Safety
This document summarizes an analysis of 1998 bicycle crash data from the U.S. Department of Transportation's Fatality Analysis Reporting System (FARS). ...more >
document Capacity Analysis of Pedestrian and Bicycle Facilities, Federal Highway Administration
This document describes the effects of pedestrians and bicyclists on the capacity of signalized intersections. These procedures augment the existing Highway Capacity Manual signalized intersection Level of Service procedures for locations with substantial pedestrian and/ ...more >
document Injury to Pedestrians and Bicyclists, Federal Highway Administration
The purpose of the current study was to broaden understanding about the safety of pedestrians and bicyclists. ...more >
web AAA Foundation for Traffic Safety, AAA Foundation for Traffic Safety
This site provides education and research material to government agencies, educational institutions, advocacy organizations, and schools. ...more >
document Sight Line - Designing Streets for People with Low Vision, Commission for Architecture and the Built Environment
A pioneering study that shows how better street design can transform life for people with low vision, helping them to become more confident and more mobile. ...more >
document Pedestrian and Bicycle Strategic Planning Research Workshops, Federal Highway Administration (FHWA), National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA)
This report presents a summary of the workshop activities, recommendations from the participants, and a series of white papers on a variety of pedestrian and bicycle issues requiring further research. ...more >
document International Synthesis Report: Sweden, Federal Highway Administration
This report is a review of recent pedestrian safety research in Sweden (in particular) with some attention to similar research in other Scandinavian countries. ...more >
document 10 Smart Routes to Bicycle Safety, National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA)
This bicycle safety brochure was published jointly by DOT's National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA) and the U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission. ...more >
document Safety Effects of Cross-Section Design on Rural Multilane Highways, Federal Highway Administration
This study examines the effects of various cross-section-related design elements on accident frequency and developed an accident prediction model for rural, multilane, nonfreeway highways. ...more >
web Bicycle Helmet Safety Institute, Bicycle Helmet Safety Institute
This helmet advocacy site offers a wide variety of educational and promotional material for children, teachers, and advocates. ...more >
multimedia Pedestrian and Bicycle Crash Analysis Tool (PBCAT), Pedestrian and Bicycle Information Center (PBIC), Federal Highway Administration (FHWA)
The Pedestrian and Bicycle Crash Analysis Tool (PBCAT) is a crash typing software product intended to assist state and local pedestrian/bicycle coordinators, planners and engineers with improving walking and bicycling safety through the development and analysis of a database containing details associated with crashes between motor vehicles and pedestrians or bicyclists. ...more >
document The Pedestrian and Bicyclist Highway Safety Problem as it Relates to the Hispanic Population in the United States, Center for Applied Research, Inc., Federal Highway Administration
This document describes the level of involvement of Hispanics in pedestrian and bicycle crashes. ...more >
document Evaluation of Shared Lane Markings, Federal Highway Administration (FHWA)
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the impact of several uses of shared lane pavement markings, specifically sharrow design, on operational and safety measures for bicyclists and motorists. ...more >
document Methods of Increasing Pedestrian Safety at Right-Turn-on-Red Intersections (Final Report), Federal Highway Administration (FHWA)
The purpose of this study was to determine current motorist compliance to RTOR regulations, develop and test countermeasures for RTOR pedestrian accidents, and develop guidelines for prohibition of RTOR. ...more >
document Planning Complete Streets for an Aging America, AARP
This report offers refinements to intersection design treatments recommended by the Federal Highway Administration in its Design Handbook for Older Drivers and Pedestrians. ...more >
document Safety Benefits of Walkways, Sidewalks, and Paved Shoulders, Federal Highway Administration (FHWA)
Providing walkways separated from the travel lanes could help to prevent up to 88 percent of these "walking along roadway" crashes. ...more >
document Bicycle Safety-Related Research Synthesis, Federal Highway Administration (FHWA)
This research synthesis is designed to summarize bicycle safety-related research and applied research since 1981 in the United States. The report updates an earlier synthesis prepared for the Federal Highway Administration in 1981. ...more >
document Safety Benefits of Raised Medians and Pedestrian Refuge Areas, Federal Highway Administration
The Federal Highway Administration (FHWA) strongly encourages the use of raised medians (or refuge areas) in curbed sections of multi-lane roadways in urban and suburban areas. ...more >
web Tip # 8, Kids on the Move: Walking and Bicycling Safely, National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA)
Web-based tip sheet for parents highlights what parents need to know to enable their children to walk and bike safely. ...more >
document Pedestrian Crash Trends and Potential Countermeasures from Around the World, Pedestrian and Bicycle Information Center (PBIC)
As automobile transportation continues to increase around the world, bicyclists, pedestrians, and motorcyclists, also known as Vulnerable Road Users (VRU), will become more susceptible to traffic crashes. ...more >
document Risk of injury for bicycling on cycle tracks versus in the street, Injury Prevention
The objective of this study conducted in Montreal (with a longstanding network of cycle tracks) was to compare bicyclist injury rates on cycle tracks versus in the street. ...more >
web National Bicycling and Walking Study - Five Year Status Report, United States Department of Transportation
The National Bicycle and Walking Study presents a plan of action for activities at the Federal, State, and local levels for increasing the amount of walking and bicycling in the United States. ...more >
document Analysis of Bicycling Trends and Policies in Large North American Cities, U.S. Department of Transportation, Research and Innovative Technology Administration
This research report for the reviews trends in cycling levels, safety, and policies in large North American cities over the past two decades. ...more >
web Fatality Facts 2005 - Bicycles, Insurance Institute for Highway Safety
The following facts are based on analysis of data from the US Department of Transportation's Fatality Analysis Reporting System (FARS). ...more >
document New Jersey Congestion, Security, and Safety Initiative, Center for Advanced Infastructure and Transportation (CAIT) at Rutgers University, The New Jersey Department of Transportation
This project examines the relationship between effective national transportation congestion, security, and safety technology transfer applications. ...more >
document Bicyclists Make Safe Choices Flier, National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA)
This activity is for older elementary school age children. It demonstrates safe bicycling behavior. ...more >
document A Guide for Reducing Collisions at Signalized Intersections, National Cooperative Highway Research Program, Transportation Research Board
This document provides strategies that can be employed to reduce the number of collisions at signalized intersections. ...more >
document Pedestrian and Bicyclist Traffic Control Device Evaluation Methods, Federal Highway Administration (FHWA)
This report offers traffic engineering practitioners information on how to evaluate roadway traffic control devices used by pedestrians and bicyclists. ...more >
document New Directions in Speed Management: A Review of Policy, Department for Transportation
This review was formed to develop a speed policy that takes account of the contribution of reduced speeds to environmental and social objectives as well as road safety. ...more >
web Bureau of Transportation Statistics, Bureau of Transportation Statistics
This site freely offers extensive data, statistics, and reports concerning transportation in the United States in addition to an online bookstore. ...more >
web Consumer Product Safety Commission Recreational Safety Publications, United States Consumer Product Safety Commission
This page provides a safety reports concerning a variety of recreational and sports activities. ...more >
document A Compendium of NHTSA's Pedestrian and Bicyclist Traffic Safety Research Projects, 1969-2007, National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA)
This compendium describes the pedestrian and bicyclist safety research conducted by the Office of Behavioral Safety Research and its predecessor organizations during the period 1969-2007. ...more >
web NYU Wagner Rudin Center for Transportation Policy & Management, New York University Wagner Rudin Center for Transportation Policy & Management
This site freely provides all the center's research publications, information on education courses and technical assistance, and updates on news and events. ...more >
document A Challenge Grant, Federal Highway Administration (FHWA)
This document outlines a Multimedia Course on Bicycle Safety that uses video, animation and smart traffic templates to test and evaluate student's knowledge of the course's content. ...more >
web Rutgers Alan M. Voorhees Transportation Center, The State University of New Jersey at Rutgers
The Alan M. Voorhees Transportation Center (VTC) at Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, is a national leader in the research and development of innovative transportation policy. ...more >
web Texas Transportation Institute, Texas Transportation Institute
This site provides a searchable database of the institute's numerous research reports. ...more >
web University of North Carolina Highway Safety Research Center, University of North Carolina Highway Safety Research Center, Federal Highway Administration
This state research center provides road safety information, research publication, news, and additional resources. ...more >
document Geometric Design Practices for European Roads, International Technology Exchange Program, Federal Highway Administration
Presents examples of European design practice and operations. ...more >
document Rails with Trails: Lessons Learned, Federal Highway Administration
A research report about trails located near railroad and transit rights-of-way. ...more >
document A Review of the Impacts of the Towaway Reporting Threshold on a Highway Safety Program, Federal Highway Administration (FHWA)
This study reviews the potential impacts of a towaway reporting threshold on the North Carolina Highway Safety Improvement Program (HSIP) listings and on the locations and types of crash patterns identified on collision diagrams by field engineers. ...more >
document Conflicts on Multiple Use Trails, Federal Highway Administration
Presents a series of principles for more effective operations of multi use trails. ...more >
web Pedestrian and Bicycle Safety Among Hispanics, National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA)
In an effort to reduce pedestrian and bicycle fatalities involving newly-arrived Hispanic immigrants, NHTSA has made available traffic safety materials in Spanish (e.g., posters, brochures, radio announcements, ...more >
multimedia Bicycle Safer Journey, Federal Highway Administration (FHWA)
This interactive CD-ROM is a virtual journey designed to increase our awareness of bicycle safety. ...more >
web National Strategies for Advancing Bicycle Safety, National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA), Pedestrian and Bicycle Information Center (PBIC), Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)
A call to action to improve bicycle safety with five critical goals and 18 specific action items. ...more >
web Final Detailed Findings Report for Marketing Plan and Outreach Materials that Promote Pedestrian and Bicyclist Safety to Different Hispanic Populations in the United States, Federal Highway Administration (FHWA)
The objective of this review is to develop a marketing plan of the most effective methods of promoting bicycle and pedestrian safety to Hispanic audiences. ...more >
document Bicycling and Walking in the US 2010 Benchmarking Report, Alliance for Biking & Walking
The Benchmarking Project is an on-going effort to collect and analyze data on bicycling and walking in all 50 states and the 51 largest U.S. cities. ...more >
document Prevent Bicycle Crashes: Parents and Caregivers, National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA)
This flyer provides information about common crash types, how children perceive traffic, and recommendations to avoid and to teach children to avoid crashes. ...more >
document Toolbox of Countermeasures and Their Potential Effectiveness for Pedestrian Crashes, Federal Highway Administration (FHWA)
This issue brief documents estimates of the crash reduction that might be expected if a specific countermeasure or group of countermeasures is implemented with respect to pedestrian crashes. The crash reduction estimates are presented as Crash Reduction Factors ( ...more >
document Promoting Safe Walking and Cycling to Improve Public Health: Lessons from The Netherlands and Germany, American Journal of Public Health, Vol 93.9
This report examines the public health consequences of unsafe and inconvenient walking and bicycling conditions in American cities and suggest improvements based on successful policies in The Netherlands and Germany. ...more >
document Identifying Locations for Pedestrian and Bicyclist Safety Improvements in Chapel Hill and Carrboro, North Carolina, University of North Carolina Highway Safety Research Center
The objective of the present study was to identify areas with potential hazards for pedestrians and bicyclists to aid in prioritizing safety improvements. ...more >
document Measuring Community Bicycle Helmet Use Among Children, Public Health Reports, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)
The authors of this study describe what they learned through conducting studies to monitor community bicycle helmet use by children, and they share strategies and methods that they found useful in conducting bicycle helmet use studies. ...more >
document Pedestrian and Bicyclist Safety and Mobility in Europe, Federal Highway Administration (FHWA)
The purpose of the 2009 international scanning study was to identify and assess effective approaches to improve pedestrian and bicyclist safety and mobility. ...more >
document Evaluation of the Rectangular Rapid Flash Beacon at a Pinellas Trail Crossing in St. Petersburg, Florida, University of North Carolina Highway Safety Research Center, FDOT
This report is an evaluation of the installation of the rectangualr rapid flash beacon (RRFB) where the Pinellas Trail crosses 22nd Avenue N in St. Petersburg, Florida. ...more >
document Bicycle Road Safety Audit Guidelines and Prompt Lists, Federal Highway Administration (FHWA)
The purpose of this resource is to provide transportation agencies and RSA teams with a better understanding of the safety of cyclists in the transportation system when conducting an RSA. ...more >
document Safety Effects of the Conversion of Rural Two-Lane Roadways to Four-Lane Roadways, Federal Highway Administration
This study develops an initial estimate of the safety effects of conversion of typical sections of two- to four-lane roads and predicts whether such effects would be similar across multiple States. ...more >
document Countermeasures That Work, National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA), University of North Carolina Highway Safety Research Center (HSRC)
This report explores highway safety strategies and countermeasures relevant to State Highway Safety Offices; summarizes their use, effectiveness, costs, and implementation; and provides references to research summaries and individual studies. ...more >
document Safety Effects of Using Narrow Lanes and Shoulder-Use Lanes to Increase the Capacity of Urban Freeways, Federal Highway Administration
This study analyzes the safety effects of using narrower lanes to increase the number of travel lanes in urban freeways. ...more >
document Quantifying Countermeasure Effectiveness, Pedestrian and Bicycle Information Center (PBIC)
By analyzing pedestrian and bicyclist crash data, Metropolitan Orlando gained an understanding of safety needs and made countermeasure recommendations to correct them. ...more >
document Bicycle Safety Instructor's Guide, NHTSA, ASPIRA, CAL
This curriculum series presents key safety concepts as it tells the stories of a motor vehicle crash caused by a teenage bicyclist, and the consequences of these crashes. ...more >
document Bicycle Safety Student Handbook, NHTSA, ASPIRA, CAL
This curriculum series presents key safety concepts as it tells the stories of a motor vehicle crash caused by a teenage bicyclist, and the consequences of these crashes. ...more >
document Bicycle Helmet Use Laws, National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA)
This report presents the experiences of six jurisdictions in enacting and implementing bicycle helmet use laws. ...more >
document Detecting Motorcyclists and Bicyclists at Intersections, Public Roads Magazine
A new multisensor system differentiates vehicles on the road, which could save lives. ...more >
document Evaluation of Lane Reduction "Road Diet" Measures on Crashes, Highway Safety Information System (HSIS)
The objective of this reanalysis was to estimate the change in total crashes resulting from the conversions in two databases and to combine these estimates into a crash modification factor(CMF). ...more >
document Pedestrians and Bicycles, Transportation Research Board
This Transportation Research Record contains 24 papers on the subject of pedestrians and bicycles. It can be purchased through the Transportation Research Board, or accessed by subscribers. ...more >
document Behavior of Bicyclist in Following, Transportation Research Board
A bicycle-following model presented in this paper represents the behavior of bicyclists as they follow each other in traffic stream without an opportunity or sufficient stimulus to overtake or pass a lead bicycle. ...more >
document The Influence of the Individual's Risk Perception and Attitudes on Travel Behavior,
This study analyzes the effect of individuals' risk perception and beliefs, in addition to demographic and socio-economic characteristics, on their willingness to shift from car to public transportation and walking. ...more >
document Increasing Powered Two-Wheels' (PTWs') Detectability by Using Phi-Phenomenon,
The study evaluates the potential of a unique display of two helmet-mounted lights that blink in an alternating manner to create movement illusion to increase PTWs' conspicuity and visibility. ...more >
document Decision to Pass and Passing Maneuvers of Bicyclists, Transportation Research Board
This paper presents models to represent passing maneuvers of bicycles on both exclusive and on-street bicycle facilities. This resource can be purchased through the Transportation Research Board, or accessed by subscribers. ...more >
document School Transportation Safety: An Observational Study of Drivers and Pupils on the School Bus,
The objective of the study was to observe seatbelt usage, pupil and bus driver behavior and potential safety hazards on buses used for school transportation. ...more >
document A Method to Identify Changes in Pedestrian and Cyclist Collision Rates,
In this study actual collision counts were used to create a longitudinal confidence region around the minimum collision rate of an intersection. ...more >
document Optimism About Safety and Self-Serving Attributions of Responsibility for Safety Among Pedestrians and Cyclists in Relation to Road Use Under Low Light Conditions,
This study analysed a subset of data collected as part of a larger research project on the visibility of pedestrians, cyclists and road workers, focusing on a set of questionnaire items. ...more >
document Comparison of Blood Alcohol Levels with Breath Alcohol Levels Measured Using the Drager 711 MKIII Breathalyzer,
The study objective was to assess the correlation between breath alcohol, as measured using the Drager 7110 MKIII breathalyzer, and blood alcohol concentrations (BAC). ...more >
document Strategies to Reduce Intersection Conflicts Between Automobiles and Bikes in China,
This paper examines reasonable operational and geometric measures that could be taken to reduce the number of conflicts between cars and VRU's at intersections using microsimulation. ...more >
document Safe Streets for Seniors, Pedestrian and Bicycle Information Center (PBIC)
In New York City, adults aged 65 and older make up 12 percent of the city's population, but accounted for 39 percent of its pedestrian fatalities between 2002 and 2006. ...more >
document Factors Contributing to Pedestrian and Bicycle Crashes on Rural Highways, Highway Safety Information System (HSIS)
The goals of this study were to examine the differences between pedestrian and bicycle crashes in urban and rural settings in North Carolina and to identify problem areas. ...more >
document Determination of Appropriate Railing Heights for Bicyclists, National Cooperative Highway Research Program, American Association of State Highway Transportation Officials (AASHTO)
This study summarizes the bicycle railing height guidelines and specifications used by AASHTO, state departments of transportation (DOTs), international transportation agencies, and local governments. ...more >
document 2007 Traffic Safety Annual Assessment - Highlights, National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA)
The overall number of traffic fatalities in 2007 reached its lowest level since 1994. This reduction is the largest in terms of both number and percentage since 1992. ...more >
document Observational Analysis of Pedestrian, Bicyclist, and Motorist Behaviors at Roundabouts in the United States, Transportation Research Board
This paper focused on analyzing the interactions between motorists and pedestrians or bicyclists at roundabouts. This resource can be purchased through the Transportation Research Board, or accessed by subscribers. ...more >
document Driver Attitudes and Behaviors at Intersections and Potential Effectiveness of Engineering Countermeasures, Battelle Human Factors Transportation Center, Federal Highway Administration
The objective of this focus group study was to identify driver attitudes and behaviors related to intersection safety and to assess the likely impacts of new or existing infrastructure-based technologies/ ...more >
document How to Make More Cycling Good for Road Safety?,
A structured survey of the available knowledge from research trying the give an answer to the question how to make more cycling good for safety. ...more >
document Universal Helmet Law: The Interaction Between Law, Enforcement, and Culture on Level of Use,
While the discussion about the necessity of the helmet law in the political sphere is at its peak, it was deemed necessary to ascertain the public opinion on this issue. ...more >
document Bicycle Lanes Versus Wide Curb Lanes: Operational and Safety Findings and Countermeasure Recommendations, Highway Safety Research Center (HSRC), Federal Highway Administration (FHWA)
This report presents operational and safety findings and countermeasure recommendations from a comparative analysis of bicycle lanes versus wide curb lanes. ...more >
web Turner Fairbank Highway Safety Research Center Library, Turner Fairbank Highway Safety Research Center
This page contains links to all the publications and research material developed by the Turner Fairbank Highway Safety Research Center. ...more >
document Evaluation of Shared-Use Facilities for Bicycles and Motor Vehicles, Highway Safety Research Center, Federal Highway Administration
The objective of this study was to evaluate the safety and utility of shared-use facilities in order to provide engineers and planners comprehensive results that can be used in planning and designing roadways to be shared by motorists and bicyclists. ...more >
web BIKESAFE: Bicycle Countermeasure Selection System, Federal Highway Administration (FHWA)
BIKESAFE is intended to provide practitioners with the latest information, available for improving the safety and mobility of those who bicycle. It is an expert system that allows the user to select appropriate countermeasures or treatments to address specific problems. ...more >
multimedia The Incidence and Economic Burden of Injuries in the United States, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)
This PowerPoint presentation provides information on the costs of injury in the United States, including that caused by motor vehicles. ...more >
document Centers for Disease Control Injury Fact Book, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)
This document looks at the nature and costs of injuries in the United States. Information on pedestrian injuries may be found on page 66 of the document, and information on road traffic safety starts on page 71. ...more >
web Federal Highway Administration (FHWA), Federal Highway Administration
The Federal Highway Administration website provides information on a wide variety of policy documents and national statistics. ...more >
web FHWA Bicycle and Pedestrian Program, Federal Highway Administration
The Bicycle & Pedestrian Program website presents information on funding, legislation, and design standards. It also provides federal publications related to pedestrian and bicycle issues. ...more >
web National Crash Analysis Center, Federal Highway Administration (FHWA), National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA)
The FHWA/NHTSA National Crash Analysis Center (NCAC) website provides research results, modeling methods, and library databases concerning vehicle occupant safety. ...more >
document Bicycle Crash Types: A 1990's Informational Guide, Federal Highway Administration (FHWA)
This informational guide provides detail on specific bicycle-motor vehicle crash types through two-page layouts that contain a sketch, description, and summary of the crash type, various graphs, and & ...more >
document FHWA Office of Highway Safety, Federal Highway Administration
This site contains information aboutpolicy, facts and statistics, design guidelines, crash analysis, safety education, and more concerning both pedestrians and bicyclists. ...more >
document Pedestrian and Bicyclist Intersection Safety Indices, Pedestrian and Bicycle Information Center (PBIC), Federal Highway Administration (FHWA)
The primary objective of this study was to develop safety indices to allow engineers, planners, and other practitioners to proactively prioritize intersection crosswalks and intersection approaches with respect to pedestrian and bicycle safety. ...more >
web National Highway Transportation Safety Administration (NHTSA), National Highway Transportation Safety Administration
The site provides information and materials concerning transportation safety. ...more >
web NHTSA Injury Prevention Page, National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA)
This site provides information on injury prevention, driver performance, and crashes. ...more >
web Transportation Research Information Services (TRIS) National Transportation Library, Transportation Research Board of the National Academies
This online research database offers the option to search all documents classified under pedestrian, bicycles, or both. ...more >
document Logistic Model for Rating Urban Bicycle Route Safety, Transportation Research Board
This paper describes the research used to develop an objective bicycle route safety rating model based on injury severity. This resource can be purchased through the Transportation Research Board, or accessed by subscribers. ...more >
document Effects of a Towaway Reporting Threshold on Crash Analysis Results, Federal Highway Administration
This paper attempts to quantify the expected effects on data analysis capabilities when different crash reporting thresholds are altered. ...more >
web American Traffic Safety Services Association, The American Traffic Safety Services Association
ATSSA's core purpose is to advance roadway safety. The site offers services and information for traffic safety product companies, including training and certification. ...more >
document Police-Reporting of Pedestrians and Bicyclists Treated in Hospital Emergency Rooms, University of North Carolina Highway Safety Research Center
This paper reports on analysis of factors associated with the occurance of a match between the emergency room reported cases and state motor vehicle crash data. ...more >
document Bikeability Checklist, Pedestrian and Bicycle Information Center (PBIC)
How bikeable is your community? The Bikeability Checklist can help you find the answer. ...more >
web Data Collection and Analysis for Communities, Pedestrian and Bicycle Information Center (PBIC)
This report describes how communities can collect data about bicycle and pedestrian facilities, and includes case studies from 27 communities. Future publications will include a recommended practices guide, ...more >
web Florida Pedestrian and Bicycle Research Reports, Florida Department of Transportation
The Florida Department of Transportation conducts research on issues related to pedestrians and bicycles. Go to this section of the Department website to download some of the available reports (in pdf format) ...more >
document Which Helmet for Which Activity, U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission
This brochure provides information on helmet use in different activities. ...more >
document Cycling in the Netherlands, Ministry of Transport, Public Works and Water Management
Cycling accounts for 27% of all trips in the Netherlands; a comprehensive report (in English) on cycling in the Netherlands is now available. ...more >
document Special Report: Accessible Public Rights-of-Way Planning and Design for Alterations, Public Rights-of-Way Access Advisory Committee
This technical assistance publication has been developed to provide guidance in the planning and design of pedestrian improvements constructed as part of an alteration project. ...more >
web Danish Road Directorate, Danish Ministry of Transport and Energy
The mission of the Danish Road Directorate is to manage the national roads, which carry almost 30 % of the total transport volume in Denmark. The site contains crash statistics, training information, ...more >
document Common Bicycle Crashtypes & How to Avoid Them, National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA)
This short document provides a description and image of several common bicycle crash types, along with tips to avoid them. ...more >
web Institute of Transportation Engineers, Institute of Transportation Engineers
The Institute of Transportation Engineers is an international educational and scientific association of transportation professionals who are responsible for meeting mobility and safety needs. ...more >
document The role of traffic violations in police-reported bicycle crashes in Queensland, Centre for Accident Research and Road Safety-Queensland, Queensland University of Technology
This study examines the role of traffic violations in the 6774 police-reported bicycle crashes in Queensland between January 2000 and December 2008. ...more >
document Keeping Children Safe in Traffic, Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development
Report by the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development draws on best practices and research results to show how child casualties can be reduced. Free executive summary. $45 for full report. ...more >
document What to Do if You Are Hit by a Car, Vermont Pedestrian and Bicycle Coalition
This document instructs bicyclists on what to do if they are hit by a vehicle. It includes a detachable 7-step checklist of actions to take immediately after a collision. ...more >
document Walking, Cycling, and Obesity Rates in Europe, North America, and Australia, Journal of Physical Activity and Health
This study was designed to examine the relationship between active transportation and obesity rates in different countries. ...more >
document How to Fit A Bicycle Helmet, Bicycle Helmet Safety Institute
This brochure provides information on the proper way to fit a bicycle helmet. It provides a step by step process, as well as a quick summary of ways to check that it is on properly. ...more >
document In the Dark: Seeing Bikes at Night, Access
This paper looks at the difficulty in seeing bicyclists at night and ways to improve visibility. It discusses clothing patterns, perceived speed, and ways to make bicycling at night safer. ...more >
document Across the Arterial: Mid-block Shared-Use Path Crossings of Multilane Roadways in California, Rails to Trails Conservancy
The focus of this report are these challenging at-grade crossings of multilane roadways at mid-block locations. ...more >
document Los Niños y Su Seguridad al Montar en Bicicleta (in Spanish), National Center for Biking & Walking
This Spanish-language flyer explains how to properly ride a bicycle. ...more >
document Lessons from Katrina and Rita: What Major Disasters Can Teach Transportation Planners, Victoria Transport Policy Institute
This paper examines failures in hurricane Katrina and Rita emergency response and their lessons for transportation planning in other communities. ...more >
document Evaluation of Innovative Bicycle Facilities, Portland State University
Two innovative bicycle facilities installed in 2009 in downtown Portland by the City of Portland Bureau of Transportation (PBOT) were evaluated to understand how they are functioning on multiple levels. ...more >
document CRC Index: Compatibility of Roads for Cyclists in Rural and Urban Fringe Areas, Transportation Research Board 2003 Annual Meeting
This research aims to build a safety and compatibility index for rural and urban fringe areas, using a combination of parameters (ex. speed, traffic, and layout). ...more >
web Transportation Alternatives Citizens Group (New York City Area), Transportation Alternatives
Transportation Alternatives' mission is to reclaim New York City's streets from the automobile, and to advocate for bicycling, walking and public transit as the best transportation alternatives. ...more >
document Bicycling and Walking in North Carolina, A Long Range Transportation Plan, North Carolina Department of Transportation
The North Carolina pedestrian plan builds upon the state's long-range transportation plan, elaborating on the goals, focus areas, and programming specific to walking. ...more >
document Bicycle Safety Activity Page, National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA)
A bicycle safety activity for children in the midelementary school age years. ...more >
document Bicycle Helmets Save Medical Costs for Children, Children's Safety Network
Report provides statistics on the cost of bicycle-related injuries, especially for children, and the benefits of helmet use on injury prevention. ...more >
document Cycling Skills Clinic, National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA)
This guide is written for those interested in planning a bicycle safety skills event for children either at school or at other community venues. ...more >
document Get To School (and back again) Safely Gameboard, National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA)
This activity can be downloaded and played in small groups within the classroom to complement educational efforts to address safety regarding walking, bicycling and Safe Routes to School. ...more >
document Consumer Reports Publishes a Helmet Article,
Consumer Reports has a Web page on youth and toddler helmets dated June, 2009. The page rates 12 youth models and three toddler helmets. ...more >
web New York City Department of Transportation: Bicyclists, New York City Department of Transportation
These pages provide safety tips for bicyclists, bicycle maps and information on how to apply for bike racks. ...more >
document Orlando Area Bicyclist Crash Study, Metroplan Orlando
This report documents a study of 885 crashes between bicyclists and motorists in three counties in Florida, and identifies countermeasures. ...more >
document A Bicycle Helmet for My Child, Bicycle Helmet Safety Institute
This flyer provides information regarding helmets for children. ...more >
document Traffic Education of Children 4-12 Years Old, SWOV Institute for Road Safety Research
The report contains an assessment of existing traffic education programs for children ages 4-12. ...more >
document Collisions involving pedal cyclists on Britain's roads: Establishing the causes, Transportation Research Laboratory Reports
The UK Department for Transport commissioned research to assess the causes of collisions involving cyclists. This report investigates the key causal factors relating to accidents involving cyclists. ...more >
document Effect of 20 mph traffic speed zones on road injuries in London, 1986-2006: controlled interrupted time series analysis,
Study conducted to quantify the effect of the introduction of 20 mph (32 km an hour) traffic speed zones on road collisions, injuries, and fatalities in London. ...more >
document Cycle Safety: Reducing the Crash Risk, New Zealand Transport Agency
The crash benefits to cyclists of reducing traffic volumes and speeds, and constructing cycle lanes and intersection treatments have been investigated and quantified based on overseas research and data. ...more >
web Fatality Facts 2008: Bicycles, Insurance Institute for Highway Safety (IIHS)
Facts on analysis of data from the U.S. Department of Transportation's Fatality Analysis Reporting System (FARS). ...more >
web Association of Pedestrian and Bicycle Professionals, Association of Pedestrian and Bicycle Professionals
National membership group for planners, engineers, advocates, academics working to improve conditions for bicycling and walking. ...more >
document Safety in Numbers: More Walkers and Bicyclists, Safer Walking and Bicycling, Injury Prevention
This paper examines the relationship between the numbers of people walking or bicycling and the frequency of collisions between motorists and walkers or bicyclists. ...more >
document Bicycle Driving Safety Tips, Vermont Pedestrian and Bicycle Coalition
This brochure provides tips and illustrations for safe bicycle driving. ...more >
document Bicycle Media Outreach Kit, California Department of Health Services
This outreach kit provides information on creating a media campaign for promoting helmet use by bicyclists. ...more >
document Bicycle Safety Rodeo Manual, Kiwanis Pediatric Trauma Institute
This document describes bicycle rodeos which the Kiwanis Pediatric Trauma Institute believes are a proven way to teach safety skills to children in a fun setting. ...more >
document Bicycle Safety: What Every Parent Should Know, Active Living Resource Center
This document dispells myths of bicycling, outlines common types of bicycle/motor vehicles crashes, and offers safety information for parents when instructing children on bike riding. ...more >
web Bicycling Smart Safety Tips, North Carolina Department of Transportation, Division of Bicycle and Pedestrian Transportation
This interactive website provides safety tips for bicyclists. Topics covered include: using a bicycle as a vehicle, basic traffic riding techniques, bike handling skills, helmet use, dealing with hills, ...more >
graphic Bicycling Smart Safety Tips (Poster), North Carolina Department of Transportation, Division of Bicycle and Pedestrian Transportation
This poster provides safety tips for all bicycle riders. Topics covered include: using a bicycle as a vehicle, basic traffic riding techniques, bike handling skills, helmet use, dealing with hills, and information on pertinent laws in North Carolina. ...more >
document An Overview of the Florida Traffic and Bicycle Safety Education Program (FTBSEP),
The primary goal of the FTBSEP is to reduce injuries and fatalities by teaching children knowledge and skills needed to be predictable and competent pedestrians and bicyclists throughout their lives. ...more >
multimedia Bicyclist Share the Road, Vermont Pedestrian and Bicycle Coalition
This radio public service announcement encourages bicyclists to practice safe and considerate behavior when using the road. ...more >
document Investigating Risk Compensation Theory in Cyclists: Results From Intelligent Video Analysis System,
The aim of the present study is to assess risk behaviours in urban cyclists by helmet-use status, using an innovative on-site observation technology. ...more >
document Bicyclists and Pedestrians Have a Legal Right to the Road, Vermont Pedestrian and Bicycle Coalition
This document explains the appropriate behavior for pedestrians, bicyclists, and motorists in order to safely share the road. ...more >
document Evaluation of Bike Boxes at Signalized Intersections in Portland, Oregon, USA,
This paper presents the results of a study of the effectiveness of the installed experimental traffic control devices and responses of users impacted by the installation of the bicycle boxes. ...more >
document Socio-spatial Characteristics of Cyclists Involved in Accidents,
In this project, we undertook a special research on cyclist safety, with a specific look at socio-spatial characteristics of the cyclists involved in the accidents. ...more >
web Study of Optimal Travel Speed Limits for Shared Travel, New Jersey Department of Transportation
This report summarizes the results of the work performed under the project Study of Optimal Travel Speed Limits for Shared Traffic. ...more >
document California Bicycle Helmet Campaign, State of California
The California Bicycle Helmet Campaign is designed to educate families and promote bicycle helmet use. This document contains a 13 step guide to conducting a safe bicycle helmet campaign. ...more >
document California Blueprint for Bicycling and Walking, California Department of Transportation
The California Blueprint for Bicycling and Walking provides ambitious goals of a 50 percent increase in bicycling and walking trips by 2010, a 50 percent decrease in bicycle and pedestrian fatality rates by 2010, ...more >
document Bicyclists' Braking Profile on Several Types of Urban Pavements,
The purpose of this study is to investigate the necessary brake length and time until the bicycle is stopped, considering factors like road pavement type and bicycle speed. ...more >
document Adult Recreational Bicyclists: Characteristics, Use of Safety Equipment, and Injury,
The aim of this study was to characterize bicycle riders, bicycle-related injuries and utilization of protective equipment among adults in Israel in order to identify higher risk groups. ...more >
document Bicycle Injuries: A Matter of Mechanism and Age,
The goal of this study was to characterize cyclist-related injuries according to motor vehicle involvement for adults versus children. ...more >
document The Relative Risks of School Travel, Transportation Research Board
This report provides estimates of the relative risk among school travel modes using available information collected at the national level. ...more >
document Consejos y Pasos Para el Uso Debido del Casco para Montar Bicicleta (in Spanish), National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA)
This two-page Spanish-language flyer demonstrates how to properly fit a bicycle helmet. ...more >
document Risk Factors For Bicycle-Motor Vehicle Collisions at Intersections, Journal of Safety Research
This paper reports a study of bicycle -motor vehicle collisions in the city of Palo Alto, California. This resource can be purchased through IngentaConnect at the link below. ...more >
document Killed by Automobile: Death in the Streets of New York City, 1994-1997,
This report analyzes data of pedestrian and bicycle fatalaties in New York City between 1994 and 1997, analyzing who is dying and who, and what, is causing the killing. ...more >
web City of Boulder, CO Transportation Planning, City of Boulder
The site of the the Transportation Planning Department for the City of Boulder provides information to residents on the City plans and projects, as well as several incident reporting forms. ...more >
web Montgomery County, MD Pedestrian Safety, Montgomery County
The Montgomery County Pedestrian Safety site details the extensive education campaigns that have been conducted over the past years. Other resources include a safety quiz and tips, local news and events, ...more >
web Wisconsin Department of Transportation Bicycle and Pedestrian Information, Wisconsin Department of Transportation
This site provides the state bicycle and pedestrian plans, in addition to safety and crash information for citizens and instructors. ...more >
web Northwestern University Traffic Institute, Northwestern University
The Northwestern University Center for Public Safety and Traffic Institute provides information on available courses, training sessions, and conferences. ...more >
web Cheap or Expensive Bicycle Helmets, Bicycle Helmet Safety Institute
When you pay more for a helmet you may get an easier fit and snazzier graphics. But the basic impact protection of cheap helmets we tested equaled the expensive ones. ...more >
document Real Intersection Design, Voorhees Transportation Center at Rutgers University, New Jersey Department of Transportation Office of Bicycle and Pedestrian Programs
This report documents a workshop created to deal with poor intersection design in Ocean City. ...more >
document School Helmet Policies Presentation, California Department of Health Services
This PowerPoint presentation provides information on fostering student success by preventing brain injury through the promotion of bicycle helmet use. ...more >